Severe Sunburn Relief: What to Know

Ultraviolet exposure triggers inflammation in the skin, causing redness, heat, tenderness and sometimes swelling or blisters. Peeling later reflects the shedding of damaged surface cells. Pain may feel worse after the exposure rather than immediately. Headache, nausea, dizziness, chills or weakness suggest heat illness or a more extensive reaction, rather than a simple local burn. The same exposure can also add to longer-term sun-damaged skin.

Cool the affected skin with a shower or damp cloth, then pat it dry. Apply a plain moisturiser or emollient therapy while the skin is slightly damp. Rest in a cool place, drink fluids, wear soft loose clothing and keep the burn covered from sunlight. Do not use ice directly, scrub peeling skin, burst blisters or apply irritating fragrances. Ask a pharmacist or clinician which pain medicine is suitable for you; topical corticosteroids should be used only when advised.

Arrange medical care for large blisters, worsening pain, infected-looking fluid, spreading redness or a burn that involves the face, eyes, hands or genitals. Get urgent help for confusion, fainting, repeated vomiting, severe dizziness, breathing difficulty, inability to drink or a high fever. If pain remains difficult to control or the skin is not settling, a clinician can check for complications and tailor treatment.

Ask which moisturiser and pain-relief approach suit your skin and medicines, how to dress blisters, and whether you need an examination. Request clear advice about returning to sun exposure and the symptoms that should trigger reassessment.