What should you know about second degree cystocele?

A cystocele is a type of pelvic organ prolapse in which the bladder presses the front wall of the vagina downward. Grading systems describe how far the tissue has moved in relation to the vaginal opening; the exact meaning of “second degree” can vary between clinicians. It does not predict symptoms on its own.

Some people notice pressure, a vaginal bulge, incomplete bladder emptying, urinary leakage, or discomfort with activity or sex. Others have few symptoms. A [Vaginal Bulge](/symptoms/vaginal-bulge/) can be related to cystocele, but examination is needed to identify the cause.

Arrange an assessment if symptoms interfere with walking, exercise, work, intimacy, or emptying your bladder. A clinician may examine you standing and lying down, ask you to cough or strain, and assess bladder function. Pelvic floor physiotherapy, treating constipation, and reducing repeated heavy straining may help manage pressure.

A [Vaginal Pessary Fitting](/treatments/pelvic-floor-and-rehabilitation/vaginal-pessary-fitting/) can provide internal support without surgery. If symptoms remain significant or conservative care is unsuitable, [Pelvic Floor Repair Surgery](/treatments/gynaecological-surgery/pelvic-floor-repair-surgery/) may be considered after discussing recovery, future pregnancy plans, and expected benefits.

Get prompt medical help if you cannot pass urine, develop severe pelvic pain, have fever with burning urination, see blood in the urine, or a bulge becomes very painful and cannot be eased back. Arrange review for increasing pressure, recurrent urinary infections, or new loss of bladder control.

Ask how the grade was assessed, whether another part of the pelvic floor is also prolapsed, and whether your bladder is emptying completely. Discuss pelvic floor therapy, pessary fitting, symptom monitoring, and what findings would make surgery worth considering.