What should you know about scarlet fever caused by?

The bacteria can infect the throat and release substances that trigger the characteristic fine, rough rash. The illness may include a sore throat, fever, flushed cheeks, a pale area around the mouth, a coated or bright red tongue, headache, and swollen glands. The rash is a presentation of the infection; it does not identify the source by itself.

Spread can occur through respiratory droplets and close contact with saliva or nasal secretions. Crowded settings and shared household contact can make transmission easier. [Strep Throat](/conditions/strep-throat/) is the related throat infection, while [Swollen Glands](/symptoms/swollen-glands/) and [Sore Throat](/symptoms/sore-throat/) describe possible accompanying symptoms.

Arrange a clinical review if a rough rash develops with throat symptoms. Until advice is obtained, wash hands often, cover coughs and sneezes, avoid sharing utensils or drinks, and clean frequently touched items. Rest and drink fluids. If a clinician prescribes [Antibiotic Treatment](/treatments/medical-management/antibiotic-treatment/), follow the instructions and ask when close-contact activities can safely resume.

Get urgent help if there is difficulty breathing or swallowing, inability to drink, reduced alertness, severe dehydration, rapidly worsening neck swelling, or a rapidly deteriorating condition. Seek prompt advice for a child or adult with a new rash and significant throat pain, even if [Fever](/symptoms/fever/) is not recorded.

Could group A streptococcal bacteria explain these symptoms? Is testing needed? How can household spread be limited, and what should we do if symptoms remain after treatment begins?