What should you know about scalp dryness and itching?

Dryness after frequent washing, heat or a new product may irritate the scalp. Contact dermatitis can cause itch, burning, redness or scaling where a product touched the skin. Atopic dermatitis and asteatotic eczema reflect a sensitive, inflamed skin barrier. Psoriasis may cause thicker scale, while lichen planus can cause inflamed areas with hair changes. Scabies usually causes intense itch and may affect close contacts or other body sites. Hives are raised, transient itchy areas rather than fixed flakes. A skin yeast infection is another possibility when there is a moist, irritated rash.

Stop recently introduced hair products if symptoms began after using them, and keep a note of ingredients and timing. Wash with lukewarm water, rinse carefully and avoid picking at scale. Use a plain moisturising product only if it is intended for the scalp and does not sting. Do not apply steroid, antifungal or insect treatment without advice, because the correct choice depends on the cause and the appearance can change with treatment.

Arrange medical assessment for persistent itch, spreading redness, thick scale, sores, crusting, pus, patchy hair loss or symptoms affecting sleep. Seek prompt care if swelling develops around the face or if breathing, swallowing or vision is affected. Itch with a widespread rash or affected household members also deserves timely review, since contagious causes need different precautions.

Ask whether the pattern suggests contact dermatitis, eczema, psoriasis or infection; which products should be avoided; and whether the skin elsewhere or close contacts need checking. Mention every new dye, shampoo, oil or medication.