Which virus causes rubella?

Rubella virus can spread when an infected person coughs, sneezes or spends time close to others. Infection may cause a fine rash, fever, swollen glands and joint pain, but symptoms can be mild or absent. Rubella is a different illness from measles, although MMR vaccination helps protect against both conditions and mumps. A person may spread the virus before recognising the illness.

If you suspect exposure, call a GP consultation service before attending in person so the clinic can advise about reducing spread. Note when symptoms began and check your MMR records. Limit close contact with pregnant people until you receive advice. Ask about MMR vaccination when records are missing or incomplete.

Seek prompt advice for a rash with fever or swollen glands after possible exposure. Contact a clinician urgently if you are pregnant or could be pregnant and may have encountered rubella, because infection can affect an unborn baby. Emergency help is appropriate for breathing difficulty, confusion, severe weakness or rapid deterioration.

Ask whether your symptoms fit rubella, whether testing is needed, how long to avoid close contact, and whether your vaccination record shows protection.