Ringworm with a kerion

A kerion most often develops where fungus infects hair, particularly the scalp or beard. The area can become raised, soft, crusted or painful, with broken hairs, scaling, drainage or nearby swollen glands. It is an immune response to the fungus, not simply ordinary surface irritation. Hair loss around the inflamed patch may occur, and untreated inflammation can injure follicles. A clinician may inspect the skin and hair and may take a sample to distinguish ringworm from bacterial infection or another scalp disorder. Read more about [Ringworm](/conditions/ringworm/) and [Scaly Skin](/symptoms/skin-scaling/).

Arrange prompt clinical review and avoid squeezing, picking or piercing the swelling. Keep combs, hats, pillowcases and towels separate, wash hands after contact, and clean items that touch the area. Do not rely on a cream alone when the scalp, beard or hair follicles are involved. A clinician commonly considers [Oral Antifungal Treatment](/treatments/medical-dermatology/oral-antifungal-therapy/); [Topical Antifungal Treatment](/treatments/medical-dermatology/topical-antifungal-therapy/) may have a supporting role in selected cases. Do not share hair tools until advised that spread is no longer a concern.

Seek same-day advice for a rapidly enlarging tender swelling, extensive drainage, fever, worsening redness, or feeling unwell. Get urgent help if swelling approaches the eye or if severe pain develops. Prompt treatment matters when hair-bearing skin is affected because inflammation can lead to scarring hair loss.

Is this a kerion or could bacteria also be involved? Does the scalp or beard need testing? How soon should treatment begin? Should household members or pets be checked? How can we protect the affected follicles and reduce spread?