What should you know about rifaximin ulcerative colitis?

Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory bowel condition that can cause diarrhoea, urgency, blood or mucus in stool, and abdominal pain. A flare and an infection can look similar, yet they may need different treatment. Rifaximin is an antibiotic aimed at certain gut bacteria; it does not replace anti-inflammatory treatment planned for ulcerative colitis and should not be started without medical advice.

Continue prescribed ulcerative colitis medicines unless your specialist changes them, and keep a record of stool changes, bleeding, pain, fever, fluid intake and recent antibiotics. Contact your GP Consultation service or gastroenterology team before taking rifaximin, including for a suspected flare. Ask whether stool tests, blood tests or another review is needed. Do not use leftover antibiotics or stop maintenance treatment on your own.

Seek urgent care for heavy or increasing rectal bleeding, severe or worsening abdominal pain, a swollen abdomen, persistent vomiting, fainting, confusion, high fever or inability to keep fluids down. A marked change in bowel symptoms also warrants prompt review, particularly if you have known ulcerative colitis. Screening appointments, including Colorectal Cancer Screening, are separate from assessment of an active flare.

Ask whether your current symptoms are more consistent with active inflammation, infection or a medicine effect; whether rifaximin has a specific role; and which tests can separate these possibilities. Clarify your flare plan, hydration advice, medicine changes and the threshold for emergency help.