How to relieve a runny nose

A runny nose may produce clear or thicker mucus when the nasal lining is reacting to an irritant, allergy, or infection. Allergic rhinitis, pet allergy, and house dust mite allergy often cause sneezing, itching, or watery eyes. The common cold, influenza, COVID-19, or sinusitis can also present with nasal discharge, sometimes alongside fever, cough, facial pressure, or feeling unwell. A runny nose alone cannot identify its cause.

Rinse or spray the nose with saline, blow gently, and drink enough fluid to avoid a dry throat. Wash hands and avoid sharing towels if an infection is possible. Limit smoke, strong fragrance, and other triggers. If symptoms follow a predictable exposure, reduce contact and ask a pharmacist or clinician about an antihistamine or nasal treatment. Use decongestant sprays only as directed, because prolonged use can worsen congestion.

Arrange medical advice if symptoms persist, keep returning without a clear trigger, or come with facial pain, worsening fever, breathing difficulty, dehydration, or symptoms that are severe. Seek urgent help for swelling of the lips or tongue, wheezing, confusion, or difficulty breathing. If infection is possible, follow local advice about testing and staying away from vulnerable people.

Does the pattern suggest allergy, infection, or sinus disease? Which nasal treatment is suitable for me? How long should I use it? Do I need testing or an examination?