How to relieve a cluster headache

Cluster headache is a neurological condition causing intense pain, often around one eye or the temple, with facial pain or pressure on the same side. The eye may water or redden, the eyelid may droop, and the nose may become blocked or run. Attacks can recur in a recognisable pattern, but a new severe headache should not be self-diagnosed from a description alone.

Stop driving or operating equipment and sit somewhere safe. Note the start time, pain location, eye or nose symptoms, possible triggers and how long the episode lasts. Avoid alcohol during a cluster period because it can provoke attacks in some people. Ordinary painkillers may not act quickly enough, so arrange a GP consultation for a tailored acute treatment plan and advice about prevention. Do not borrow prescription medicine.

Seek emergency help for a sudden explosive headache, new weakness or numbness, confusion, fainting, seizure, fever with a stiff neck, vision loss, or headache after a head injury. Get prompt assessment for a first cluster-like attack, a major change in pattern, or severe eye pain with visual symptoms.

Ask whether the pattern fits Cluster Headache or another headache disorder, which fast-acting treatment is suitable, and how prevention would work. Bring your attack diary and mention facial pain, eye changes, nasal symptoms and any medicines already tried.