What should you know about recurring ingrown hair?

An ingrown hair curls back into the skin instead of growing outward, causing a small bump, itch, tenderness, or a visible trapped hair. Shaving, waxing, plucking, close trimming, curly hair, friction, and tight clothing can contribute. Repeated bumps may be razor bumps, also called pseudofolliculitis barbae, or folliculitis when a hair follicle becomes inflamed. Keratosis pilaris can look similar but is a separate pattern of rough small bumps.

Pause close shaving over inflamed skin and avoid squeezing, digging, or repeatedly scraping for the hair. When shaving resumes, soften the hair, use a clean sharp razor, shave in the direction of growth with light pressure, and avoid repeated passes. Reduce friction with breathable clothing and gentle cleansing. A clinician can discuss topical options for inflammation or laser hair removal when repeated hair removal is the main trigger. Persistent or widespread bumps should be examined rather than treated by trial and error.

Arrange medical review for increasing pain, warmth, pus, spreading redness, large deep lumps, scarring, or dark marks that continue after the bumps settle. Seek prompt help if fever or rapidly worsening swelling develops. Assessment is also useful when bumps recur without shaving or occur in several body areas, because folliculitis or another condition may be involved.

Ask whether the bumps are ingrown hairs, razor bumps, folliculitis, or keratosis pilaris; which hair-removal method is least irritating; and whether treatment could limit inflammation or scarring. Mention your skin type, grooming routine, and any drainage.