What should you know about prostate cancer screening test?

The prostate-specific antigen blood test measures a protein made by prostate cells. A raised result can occur with cancer, but also with non-cancerous prostate enlargement, inflammation, infection, or recent procedures. A clinician may also discuss a digital rectal examination, in which a gloved finger checks the prostate for changes in size, shape, or texture.

Results are interpreted with age, symptoms, family history, medicines, previous values, and examination findings. If concern remains, the next step may include repeat testing, imaging, or biopsy. See the Prostate Cancer page for an overview of diagnosis and care.

Tell the clinician about urinary symptoms, infection, catheter use, ejaculation, cycling, prostate medicines, and recent procedures because these details may affect interpretation. Ask whether any preparation is needed and when results will be available. Keep copies of results so changes can be reviewed rather than treating one reading as the whole picture.

An abnormal screening result calls for a planned follow-up, not an immediate assumption about the cause. A normal result also does not replace future discussions when risk or symptoms change.

Seek assessment for blood in urine or semen, ongoing difficulty passing urine, new bone or back pain, or symptoms that are worsening. Get urgent help if urine will not pass, or if severe pain, fever, confusion, or sudden leg weakness develops.

Which screening test is suitable for me? Could medicines or recent activity affect the result? If it is abnormal, would you repeat the test, arrange imaging, or discuss biopsy?