How can you prevent sunburn?

Sunburn is an inflammatory response to ultraviolet injury. Skin redness, warmth, tenderness, later peeling, and sometimes blisters can follow exposure. A tan does not make ultraviolet exposure harmless, and reflected light from water, sand, or pale surfaces can reach exposed skin. Repeated injury contributes to sun-damaged skin over time, so protection matters even when the weather feels mild or the sky is cloudy.

Use shade, a wide-brimmed hat, sunglasses, and closely woven clothing, paying attention to ears, neck, hands, feet, and the parting of the hair. Apply a broad-spectrum sunscreen according to its label before going outside and reapply as directed, particularly after swimming, sweating, or towel drying. Avoid deliberate tanning and take breaks indoors or in shade. If skin is already irritated, cool it gently, drink fluids, leave blisters intact, and use a bland moisturiser such as an emollient.

Get prompt medical help for extensive blistering, severe pain, confusion, faintness, repeated vomiting, signs of dehydration, eye pain, or breathing problems. Arrange assessment if redness or tenderness is worsening, a blister becomes infected, or peeling skin leaves raw areas. Do not apply topical corticosteroids to a significant burn unless a clinician has recommended them for your situation.

Which protective products suit my skin and activities? How should I care for a blistered or peeling area? Could a medicine or skin treatment increase light sensitivity? When can I safely return to outdoor activities?