PPROM signs: what to look for

The fluid may be clear, pale or lightly blood-stained, and it may continue to dampen underwear or a pad. Some people notice a sudden release when standing, coughing or changing position; others notice only persistent wetness. The fluid is not always easy to distinguish from urine or normal pregnancy discharge, so appearance alone cannot confirm the cause.

PPROM can occur without painful contractions. Fever, chills, lower abdominal tenderness, an unpleasant smell, bleeding or reduced fetal movements are warning signs that may point to infection, labour or a concern with the baby and need prompt review.

Call your maternity unit or urgent pregnancy service immediately for advice and assessment. Put on a clean pad, note the colour and time, and take the pad with you if requested. Avoid tampons, vaginal washing and sex until you have been examined. Do not rely on a home guess about whether the fluid is amniotic fluid.

If PPROM is confirmed, your clinicians may discuss an antenatal steroid injection and the timing of birth, including induction of labour where appropriate. More information is available about [Antenatal Steroid Injection](/treatments/pregnancy-and-birth-care/antenatal-corticosteroid-injection/) and [Induction of Labour](/treatments/pregnancy-and-birth-care/induction-of-labour/).

Seek emergency maternity assessment for fever, feeling faint or very unwell, shaking chills, worsening abdominal pain, regular contractions, vaginal bleeding, green fluid, foul-smelling fluid or reduced fetal movements. These red flags matter even if the leak is small or has stopped.

Ask how the fluid will be checked, whether you need observation, how to monitor fetal movements, and which changes mean you should return straight away. Ask whether you should avoid intercourse, bathing or travel while the diagnosis is being clarified.