What should you know about dark spots?

Flat brown marks left after acne, eczema, bites, or irritation are often post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. Sun spots tend to occur on areas that receive repeated sunlight. Melasma commonly creates broader, fairly symmetrical patches, often on the face, and may be influenced by hormones and light exposure. Tinea versicolor can produce lighter or darker patches with fine scale, particularly on the trunk. Colour alone is not enough to diagnose a spot, especially when it is new or changing.

Use broad-spectrum sun protection and reduce direct exposure, since light can deepen several forms of pigmentation. Avoid picking spots or using harsh scrubs, which can trigger more pigment after irritation. Photograph the area in consistent lighting and note when it appeared, whether it is scaly, and whether new patches are developing. A clinician may discuss a skin-brightening treatment, chemical peel, or picosecond laser treatment only after considering skin tone, cause, and the risk of further irritation.

Arrange a skin assessment for a spot that changes in shape, colour, border, or sensation, or one that bleeds, crusts, or fails to heal. Seek earlier review if many patches appear quickly, the area is inflamed, or there is significant scale or itch. A new dark mark should not be treated cosmetically before its cause is clear.

Does this look like post-inflammatory pigmentation, melasma, a sun spot, or an infection? Is the surface scaly or otherwise concerning? Which ingredients or procedures fit my skin tone? How can I reduce the chance of irritation and recurrence?