Nasal flu shot: what to know

The nasal vaccine uses weakened influenza virus material to stimulate protection in the lining of the nose and through the immune system. It cannot cause influenza illness. It is different from an inactivated vaccine, which contains virus material that cannot replicate and is given by injection. Suitability depends on age, health, pregnancy, allergies, immune status, and local vaccination guidance.

Tell the vaccinator about previous vaccine reactions, severe allergies, medicines that affect immunity, pregnancy, and current illness. Follow the clinic's instructions about the spray and observation afterward. A blocked nose may affect delivery, so mention congestion before vaccination. Mild nasal symptoms, tiredness, headache, or a low fever can occur after vaccination. Seek advice before taking another flu vaccine at the same visit unless a clinician has recommended it.

Get urgent medical help for facial swelling, widespread hives, wheezing, faintness, or difficulty breathing after vaccination. Contact a clinician for a reaction that is worsening, prolonged, or worrying you. The nasal spray is preventive; it does not treat flu that has already started. New severe breathing symptoms or confusion during a flu-like illness need prompt assessment.

Is the nasal vaccine suitable for my age and medical history? Should I use an injected option instead? Does my current congestion, medicine, pregnancy, or allergy change the advice?