What should you know about minor sunburn?

Sunburn is an inflammatory response after too much ultraviolet exposure. The affected area may feel hot, tight, sore or itchy, and redness may become clearer after the exposure rather than immediately. Peeling can follow as damaged surface cells shed. A few small blisters can occur, but extensive blistering is not a minor pattern. Sun-damaged skin can also accumulate over time, contributing to photoaging such as uneven colour, rough texture and lines. Sunburn can affect any exposed area, including the scalp, ears, lips and tops of the feet.

Move out of the sun and cool the skin with a cool, damp cloth or a lukewarm shower. Pat dry rather than rubbing. Drink fluids, wear loose clothing and use a bland moisturiser or Emollient Therapy while the skin is intact. Do not pop blisters or peel loose skin, and avoid ice directly on the area, fragranced products and further tanning until healed. Sun protection with shade, clothing and sunscreen helps prevent another injury. Do not apply a medicated cream, including Topical Corticosteroids, without checking whether it is appropriate for the site and severity.

Get medical advice for large or numerous blisters, severe pain, marked swelling, fever, chills, vomiting, dizziness, confusion or signs of dehydration. Urgent assessment is warranted for eye involvement, fainting, difficulty breathing, or a burn in a very young child. Seek care if the area becomes increasingly painful, drains pus or develops spreading redness, which can suggest infection.

How extensive is this burn? Which moisturiser is suitable for the affected site? Are any blisters large enough to need professional care? When can I safely return to outdoor activity?