How is menopause treated?

Menopause is confirmed from the pattern of periods and symptoms in the relevant age group; the treatment goal is comfort and health rather than restoring periods. Hot flushes, night sweats, vaginal dryness, mood changes, brain fog and low sex drive can need different approaches.

Hormone replacement therapy replaces hormones at doses chosen for your symptoms and situation. Vaginal symptoms may need a local treatment, while flushes and night sweats may call for a broader plan. Your clinician will consider bleeding, past illnesses, medicines and whether you have a uterus before discussing options.

Track symptoms, sleep and bleeding, then bring the record to an appointment. Breathable clothing, a cool bedroom, regular movement, balanced meals and reducing smoking or alcohol may help some symptoms. Lubricants can reduce friction, while a vaginal moisturiser may support ongoing dryness.

If symptoms remain disruptive, ask about hormone replacement therapy and non-hormonal alternatives. Do not stop prescribed treatment suddenly without advice, and report new bleeding after a period-free interval.

Arrange review for symptoms that interfere with sleep, work, relationships or daily activities. Seek prompt assessment for bleeding after menopause, unexplained pelvic pain, a new breast change, or severe mood symptoms. Get urgent help for chest pain, sudden breathlessness or one-sided weakness.

Ask which symptoms can be treated together, whether local or systemic treatment is more suitable, how long to try a plan, and what bleeding or other changes should be reported. Discuss contraception if pregnancy is still possible.