How is dementia treated?

A clinician first reviews memory, thinking, mood, daily function, medicines and other health problems. Some causes of memory change can be treated, so assessment matters. For diagnosed dementia, treatment aims to preserve independence, ease distress and manage related problems rather than reverse every change.

Depending on the type and stage, a specialist may discuss medicine for memory or thinking symptoms. Non-drug support can include regular routines, meaningful activity, sleep support, hearing or vision checks, and changes that reduce falls or confusion. Depression, pain, constipation, continence difficulties and sleep disturbance may also need attention.

Arrange a GP review if memory problems are affecting appointments, finances, cooking, work or personal care. Take a list of medicines and examples of changes noticed by the person or someone close to them. Keep instructions visible, use calendars or reminders, and agree who can help with meals, transport and medicines.

Ask about a medication review, follow-up plan and local support for carers. Do not stop prescribed treatment suddenly. A [GP Consultation](/treatments/consultations-and-assessment/gp-consultation/) can coordinate assessment and referrals; a [Mental Health Assessment](/treatments/consultations-and-assessment/mental-health-assessment/) may help when mood, behaviour or distress is prominent.

Seek urgent medical help for sudden confusion, new weakness, trouble speaking, a severe headache, a fall with injury, fever with marked drowsiness, or inability to drink or pass urine. These changes can signal an acute illness and should not be assumed to be ordinary dementia progression.

Book a prompt appointment when memory changes are gradually worsening, daily tasks become unsafe, or there are hallucinations, repeated falls, wandering, low mood or carer exhaustion. [Memory Problems](/symptoms/memory-problems/) and [Urinary Incontinence](/symptoms/urinary-incontinence/) can be discussed as separate symptoms during the review.

What type of dementia or other cause is being considered? Which treatments fit the person’s symptoms and health conditions? What changes should prompt an earlier review? Who can help with driving, home safety, future planning and carer support?