How common is persistent headache in brain metastases?

Brain metastases are cancer deposits that have spread to the brain from another part of the body. A headache may occur when changes in the brain or surrounding tissues affect pressure-sensitive structures. The headache can be new, progressively different from your usual headaches, or accompanied by nausea, balance problems, weakness, or changes in speech or vision. Headaches are also common for many non-cancer reasons. A clinician uses the whole symptom pattern, your medical history, examination, and tests where needed to investigate it.

Contact your oncology team about a persistent headache, particularly if you have a history of cancer or the pattern is changing. Note when it began, where it is felt, whether it wakes you from sleep, and what other symptoms occur at the same time. Take medicines only as directed and avoid repeatedly increasing pain-relief doses without advice. Your team can decide whether you need a prompt assessment and which symptom relief is suitable.

Seek emergency care immediately for a sudden severe headache, a seizure, new weakness or numbness on one side, trouble speaking, loss of consciousness, marked confusion, or a major change in vision. Urgent assessment is also needed for a headache with repeated vomiting or a rapidly worsening neurological symptom. Do not drive yourself if you feel confused, weak, or have a visual disturbance.

Ask which changes in headache need an emergency response, whether other symptoms suggest raised pressure or neurological involvement, and what pain medicines are appropriate with your current treatment. You can also ask how to contact the team outside clinic hours.