What should you know about hepatitis C and cirrhosis?

Long-term hepatitis C may injure liver cells and lead to fibrosis, meaning scar tissue. Cirrhosis is a more advanced stage in which scarring changes the liver's structure and reduces its reserve. Some people with cirrhosis feel well, while others develop fatigue, poor appetite, nausea or discomfort in the upper abdomen. Cirrhosis can also affect fluid balance, blood clotting and brain function. The presence of a symptom does not establish cirrhosis; clinicians combine examination, blood tests and imaging to assess the liver.

Arrange specialist or primary-care follow-up to confirm whether hepatitis C is active and to assess the degree of scarring. Take all medicines and supplements for review, avoid sharing items that may carry blood, and follow advice about alcohol and vaccinations. If hepatitis C is cleared, cirrhosis may still require ongoing monitoring because scarred tissue does not immediately return to normal. A Liver Function Test can contribute to assessment, while a GP Consultation can coordinate referrals, medication review and symptom care. Read more about Hepatitis C to understand the infection itself.

Seek urgent care for vomiting blood, black stools, sudden confusion, severe sleepiness, rapidly increasing abdominal swelling, yellowing of the skin or eyes, or a high fever with worsening illness. These signs may reflect bleeding, infection or loss of liver function. Emergency help is needed for collapse or difficulty staying awake.

Ask how scarring was assessed, whether hepatitis C treatment is suitable, which monitoring appointments are needed, and which medicines could burden the liver. Ask what changes in weight, swelling, sleep or mental clarity should prompt a call.