How is hepatitis B assessed in general practice?

The first step is identifying which hepatitis B marker was positive. A surface antigen, surface antibody, and core antibody carry different meanings, so the word positive is not enough. Your clinician may ask about vaccination, previous testing, possible blood exposure, pregnancy, medicines, and alcohol use. Symptoms such as fatigue, nausea, yellowing, or dark urine are recorded, but symptoms cannot establish the diagnosis by themselves.

The clinician may arrange additional blood tests, including a [Liver Function Test](/treatments/diagnostics-and-screening/liver-function-test/), and decide whether specialist input is appropriate. A clear result pattern may show current infection, past exposure, or immunity.

Bring the original report, prior vaccine records if available, and a list of prescribed medicines, over-the-counter products, and supplements. Ask what each marker means and whether repeat testing is needed. Until the result is explained, avoid sharing toothbrushes, razors, or needles and cover bleeding cuts. A partner or household member who is not protected can ask about [Hepatitis B Vaccination](/treatments/preventive-care-and-vaccination/hepatitis-b-vaccination/).

Seek urgent care if you develop confusion, yellow eyes or skin, severe vomiting, unusual bleeding, severe abdominal pain, or rapidly increasing abdominal swelling. Arrange a prompt appointment for ongoing fatigue, dark urine, pale stools, or poor appetite. Mention pregnancy or a weakened immune system when booking because these details can affect assessment and follow-up.

Ask: Which marker was tested and what does it show? Do I need a complete panel, liver tests, or specialist review? Could vaccination explain the result? What precautions should I take at home? Should my partner or household contacts be tested or vaccinated, and when should I return?