Hot weather and heat stroke: what to know

The body normally loses heat through the skin and sweat. Humidity makes sweat evaporate less effectively, while direct sun, heavy clothing, exertion and limited airflow add to the load. Risk can rise even when someone feels accustomed to hot conditions. Heat Exhaustion may cause cramps, thirst, sweating and weakness; heat stroke is more concerning when alertness, coordination or consciousness changes.

Schedule strenuous activity for a cooler part of the day when possible, take regular breaks in shade or air conditioning, wear loose breathable clothing and drink regularly. Check on children, older adults and people who work outdoors. If illness begins, stop exertion, move to a cool place and start cooling. Do not leave anyone in a parked vehicle.

Call emergency services for confusion, fainting, seizure, inability to walk, severe breathing difficulty or marked drowsiness after heat exposure. Vomiting or inability to drink adds concern. Fever can occur for other reasons, but a heat-exposed person with altered thinking should be treated as a possible heat-stroke emergency while help is arranged. Hospital care may include IV Fluid Therapy.

Ask how to pace outdoor work, whether your medicines affect heat tolerance, and what hydration plan fits your health needs. If you exercise outside, ask about acclimatising gradually and recognising changes in concentration or balance.