How to prevent heat stroke

Heat stroke happens when the body can no longer control its temperature. Hot, humid weather, strenuous activity, dehydration, alcohol, heavy clothing and some medicines can make cooling harder. Older adults, young children and people with long-term health conditions may need extra planning.

Plan demanding outdoor tasks for cooler parts of the day. Check the forecast, use shade or air conditioning, and never leave a child or dependent adult in a parked vehicle. Heat exhaustion can worsen into heat stroke, so take early symptoms seriously.

Sip fluids regularly and carry water when outside. Wear light, loose clothing and a hat; use shade and schedule rest in a cool place. Increase exercise gradually in hot conditions, and tell a coach or colleague when you feel unwell. Do not rely on thirst alone during prolonged heat or exertion.

If someone develops headache, dizziness, weakness, nausea, confusion or unusual behaviour, stop the activity, move them to a cool area, loosen clothing and cool the skin with wet cloths or fans. Do not give drinks to a person who is confused, drowsy or unable to swallow safely.

Call emergency services immediately for suspected heat stroke, especially with confusion, fainting, seizure, very hot skin, collapse or inability to drink. Continue cooling while help is coming. Vomiting, worsening weakness or a high temperature after heat exposure also needs prompt medical assessment; do not wait for symptoms to settle on their own.

Ask which medicines or health conditions may increase your heat risk, how much activity is suitable in hot weather, and what warning signs should trigger an urgent call. If dehydration is severe, a clinician may discuss IV Fluid Therapy.