Head ringworm symptoms: what to know

Scalp ringworm is a fungal infection affecting the skin and hair shafts. A patch may look round or irregular, with scaling, redness, tenderness, or small dark dots where hairs have broken close to the scalp. Some people notice swollen glands near the neck. The infection can pass through close contact and shared combs, brushes, hats, pillows, or towels. Similar changes can come from other scalp conditions, so appearance alone cannot confirm the cause.

Arrange a dermatology or primary-care assessment, especially when a child has a spreading patch or new hair loss. A clinician may examine the scalp and take skin or hair samples. Treatment commonly requires an oral antifungal medicine because infection can extend into the hair follicles; medicated shampoo may reduce spread but may not clear the infection by itself. Do not share hair tools, wash linens and hats, and avoid scratching or pulling affected hairs.

Seek prompt care for marked swelling, pus, soft boggy areas, severe pain, fever, or rapidly expanding hair loss. These signs can indicate a stronger inflammatory reaction that may scar follicles. Arrange review if symptoms continue despite a recommended treatment or if household contacts develop itchy, scaly scalp patches.

Ask whether the scalp needs a fungal test, whether close contacts should be checked, how long treatment is expected to continue, and which items at home should be cleaned or kept separate.