What should you know about having a runny nose?

A common cold, influenza or COVID-19 can cause nasal discharge with other infection symptoms. Allergic rhinitis, pet allergy and house dust mite allergy often bring repeated sneezing, itching or watery eyes after exposure. Facial pressure, reduced smell or coloured discharge may occur with sinusitis, but discharge colour alone does not confirm a bacterial infection.

Drink enough fluid, rest, and use saline spray or a gentle saline rinse with safe water. Wash hands and avoid sharing towels if infection is possible. Reduce exposure to smoke, dust and known allergens. Ask a pharmacist about medicines that fit your age, pregnancy status and other treatments; some decongestants are not suitable for everyone.

Arrange medical advice if symptoms are severe, keep returning, last longer than expected, or interfere with sleep or breathing. Seek urgent care for shortness of breath, swelling of the face or throat, severe facial pain, dehydration, confusion, or a high or persistent fever. A baby, older adult or person with a weakened immune system may need earlier advice.

Ask whether the pattern fits an allergy or infection, whether testing is useful, and which nasal treatment is safe with your medical history and current medicines.