Swollen glands under the chin

Glands under the chin are lymph nodes. They can become tender and enlarged when the immune system responds to an infection in the mouth, teeth, throat or nearby skin. A common cold, tonsillitis, strep throat or another throat infection can cause this pattern. Swelling on one side may occur when the nearby source is also on one side.

Viral illnesses such as glandular fever, mumps, measles or rubella can also cause swollen nodes, usually with other symptoms. Swollen glands are a sign of an immune response, not a diagnosis by themselves. The texture, movement, tenderness, duration and accompanying symptoms help a clinician decide what to do next.

Notice when the lump appeared, whether it is tender, and whether you have sore throat, cough, fever, mouth pain, tooth symptoms, rash or tiredness. Rest, drink fluids and use simple pain relief only if it is suitable for you and follows the label. Do not repeatedly press or massage the area, because this can make it more sore.

Arrange an appointment if the swelling is getting bigger, feels hard or fixed, keeps returning, or does not settle after the associated illness improves. Tell the clinician about recent infections, dental problems, travel, vaccination history and any medicines or immune conditions.

Seek urgent help if swelling affects breathing or swallowing, saliva is pooling, your voice changes suddenly, or you feel severely unwell. Get prompt medical advice for a rapidly enlarging painful swelling, persistent high fever, unexplained weight loss, drenching night sweats, or several swollen areas without a clear infection. Do not wait for the lump to become painful before arranging assessment.

Ask whether the swelling fits an infection in your throat, mouth or teeth, whether you need an examination or tests, and how long to monitor it. Mention any rash, fever, night sweats, recent dental treatment, exposure to illness or concern about HIV infection so the assessment is complete and confidential.