Free flu shots: what to know

Flu vaccination trains the immune system to recognise selected influenza strains. It is updated for seasonal circulation and cannot cause influenza because an inactivated vaccine contains virus that cannot replicate. Protection develops after vaccination rather than immediately. The vaccine reduces the chance of serious influenza illness, but it does not prevent every cough, cold or respiratory infection. Mild soreness, redness, tiredness or a short-lived fever can occur after the injection.

Check with the provider whether the offer applies to you, which vaccine is being used and whether an appointment is needed. Tell the vaccinator about a previous severe allergic reaction to a vaccine, current illness, pregnancy, immune problems and medicines. Stay for the observation period requested by the service. Keep the injection site comfortable with ordinary measures, and seek advice if symptoms are severe, persistent or unusual. Continue hand hygiene and other measures because vaccination does not cover every respiratory infection.

Call emergency services for trouble breathing, swelling of the face or throat, widespread hives, collapse or severe dizziness after vaccination. These may indicate a serious allergic reaction. Seek medical advice for a high or persistent fever, worsening illness or signs of infection at the injection site. A mild sore arm alone is usually managed with observation and routine comfort measures.

Ask whether you are due for this season’s vaccine, what side effects to expect, whether another vaccine can be given at the same visit, and when to seek help. If you have had a previous reaction, ask whether it changes the recommended product or setting.