What should you know about forms of lichen planus?

Skin lichen planus often causes itchy, flat-topped purple or reddish bumps, sometimes with fine white lines. Oral lichen planus may look like a lacy white pattern inside the cheeks, while sore or eroded areas can make eating uncomfortable. Nail disease can cause ridges, thinning, splitting, or changes in the nail plate.

Scalp involvement may cause scaling, soreness, or areas of hair loss. Genital or mucosal involvement can produce burning, pain, or fragile skin. A person can have more than one form at the same time, so the examination should include any area with symptoms.

Arrange a dermatology assessment when a new itchy rash, persistent mouth change, nail distortion, or patch of hair loss does not settle. The clinician may examine the skin and mouth closely and sometimes take a small biopsy when the appearance is unclear.

Treatment depends on location and severity. Topical corticosteroids may calm inflammation in selected areas, while oral corticosteroid treatment or another systemic option may be considered for extensive or difficult disease. Avoid scratching, harsh products, and unreviewed steroid use on delicate skin.

Seek prompt review for painful mouth ulcers, difficulty eating or swallowing, rapidly spreading lesions, severe genital pain, or scalp symptoms with progressive hair loss. Get urgent help for facial swelling, breathing difficulty, or a blistering rash affecting the eyes.

Ask which form is present, whether the mouth, nails, scalp, or genital skin needs checking, whether a biopsy is useful, and how long treatment should continue. Discuss warning signs of infection and how to protect sensitive areas during a flare.