Foods that may ease heartburn

Heartburn happens when stomach contents move upwards and irritate the food pipe. Large or fatty meals can remain in the stomach longer, while spicy foods, acidic drinks, chocolate, mint, caffeine or alcohol aggravate symptoms for some people. Heartburn may occur with acid reflux, a hiatus hernia, gastritis or a peptic ulcer, so food changes do not identify the underlying cause by themselves.

Try modest portions of oats, rice, bananas, melons, vegetables, lean protein and low-fat meals if they suit you. Eat slowly, keep a diary of personal triggers and avoid lying down soon after eating. Limit late meals and drinks that reliably provoke burning. If symptoms continue, a clinician can review whether acid reflux medication or assessment for another condition is appropriate.

Get emergency help for chest pressure or tightness with breathlessness, sweating, faintness, nausea, or pain spreading to the arm, back or jaw. Arrange a prompt review for trouble swallowing, repeated vomiting, black stools, vomiting blood, unexplained weight change, or heartburn that is frequent or worsening. Do not assume new chest pain is indigestion.

Which triggers should I test first? Could my symptoms reflect reflux, gastritis or another problem? How long should I try dietary changes before discussing treatment?