Food poisoning symptoms: what to know

Food poisoning is a digestive illness caused by germs or toxins in food or drink. Symptoms can appear together or in stages, because the stomach and bowel respond through irritation, contractions and fluid movement. Most people notice a cluster of [Diarrhoea](/symptoms/diarrhoea/), [Abdominal Pain](/symptoms/abdominal-pain/), [Nausea](/symptoms/nausea/) or [Vomiting](/symptoms/vomiting/); [Fever](/symptoms/fever/) may also occur. The symptoms alone cannot identify the exact cause.

Sip water regularly and consider [Oral Rehydration Therapy](/treatments/acute-and-urgent-care/oral-rehydration-therapy/) if vomiting or diarrhoea is causing fluid loss. Rest, then return gradually to simple foods as hunger comes back. Avoid alcohol and do not share towels or prepare meals for others while ill. Note when symptoms began, what you ate, and whether you can pass urine; these details help a clinician judge dehydration and possible exposure.

Get urgent medical help for blood in stool or vomit, severe abdominal pain, fainting, confusion, breathing difficulty, or repeated vomiting that prevents drinking. Seek prompt advice for marked thirst, very little urine, worsening weakness, or fever with a deteriorating overall condition. Children, older adults, pregnant people and those with chronic illness can become dehydrated more quickly. [IV Fluid Therapy](/treatments/acute-and-urgent-care/iv-fluid-therapy/) may be used when oral fluids are not enough.

Ask whether your symptom combination suggests food poisoning, how to replace fluids, whether testing is needed, and which warning signs should bring you back urgently.