Fever, throwing up and a rash: what to know

A viral illness can cause raised temperature, nausea or vomiting, and skin changes. Chickenpox often causes an itchy rash that develops in stages. COVID-19 and a common cold can also cause fever, although vomiting or a rash may not be the main feature. Cellulitis is a skin infection that can make one area red, warm, swollen and painful rather than causing a widespread rash.

The appearance and spread of the rash matter. Note whether it fades when pressed, forms blisters, feels painful, or is associated with neck stiffness, unusual sleepiness, breathing difficulty or severe headache.

Offer frequent small sips of water or an oral rehydration drink if vomiting allows. Rest, use light clothing, and check urination and alertness. Avoid giving food in large portions until the stomach settles. Do not scratch blisters or share towels, cups or bedding if a contagious illness is possible. Record the temperature, timing of vomiting, and when the rash appeared.

Seek emergency help for trouble breathing, blue or grey lips, collapse, a seizure, confusion, severe dehydration, a purple or bruise-like rash that does not fade with pressure, or a stiff neck with severe headache. Arrange same-day medical assessment when vomiting prevents fluids staying down, the person is passing very little urine, the rash is rapidly spreading or painful, or a baby or medically vulnerable person has fever.

Ask which infections fit the rash pattern, whether testing is needed, how to replace fluids, and which fever medicines are suitable for the person’s age and health conditions.