What should you know about the female contraceptive cap?

A female contraceptive cap is a reusable barrier that covers the cervix and is used with spermicide to help prevent pregnancy. It sits inside the vagina and does not rely on daily tablets or hormones. The cap needs to fit your cervix and remain in place during sex; a healthcare professional may need to show you how to insert and remove it safely. It does not protect against sexually transmitted infections, so condoms may still be needed for infection protection.

The cap forms a physical cover over the cervix, the lower opening of the uterus. Spermicide is placed inside the cap before insertion; it helps reduce sperm movement around the barrier. The device is not the same as a menstrual cup, and it should not be used as a substitute for one. A cap may be suitable for someone who wants a non-hormonal, user-controlled option, but it may be less convenient if inserting a vaginal device is uncomfortable or difficult. Changes after childbirth, pregnancy, or pelvic surgery can affect the fit, so ask whether the cap needs to be checked again.

Wash your hands before handling the cap. Apply the recommended spermicide, fold or position the cap as instructed, and place it high in the vagina so it covers the cervix. Check that it feels secure before sex. Leave it in place for the advised period after sex, then remove it gently, wash it with mild soap and water, and let it dry before storing it. Do not use the cap if it is torn, cracked, or otherwise damaged. If it slips out, is inserted incorrectly, or sex occurs without the cap and spermicide, contact a pharmacist or clinician promptly to discuss emergency contraception and ongoing pregnancy prevention.

Stop using the cap and seek medical advice if you develop severe vaginal pain, significant bleeding, sores, swelling, or symptoms of an allergic reaction after using the device or spermicide. Get urgent help for trouble breathing, swelling of the lips or face, or faintness. Arrange a routine review if the cap repeatedly moves, causes persistent discomfort, or you cannot locate your cervix or remove the device. If you are worried about pregnancy after a fitting or use problem, seek advice as soon as possible because emergency options are time-sensitive.

Ask which cap size and spermicide are appropriate for you, how to confirm that the cap covers your cervix, and how long to leave it in after sex. You can also ask whether recent childbirth, pregnancy, pelvic surgery, or changes in weight affect the fit, what to do if the cap slips, and which method can provide protection from sexually transmitted infections.