False measles: what to know

Measles-like rashes may occur with viral illnesses, allergic or medicine reactions, and other childhood infections. Measles itself commonly involves fever and a spreading rash, and some people develop cough, runny nose, sore eyes, or swollen glands. Appearance alone is not enough to confirm or exclude it; vaccination history, exposure, timing, fever, and examination all matter.

If measles is possible, call a clinic before attending so staff can reduce contact with other patients. Keep the person away from vulnerable people until a clinician gives advice, particularly if fever and a new widespread rash are present.

Record when the fever and rash began, where the rash first appeared, whether it is spreading, recent medicines, travel or exposure, and MMR vaccination history. Encourage fluids and rest. Do not start antibiotics or stop a prescribed medicine without advice; a medicine reaction can also need prompt review. Arrange a GP consultation for a new unexplained rash with fever.

Seek emergency help for breathing difficulty, swelling of the lips or face, faintness, confusion, a very unwell or difficult-to-wake child, stiff neck, or a rash that does not fade when pressed with a clear glass. Urgent advice is also needed when fever and rash occur in an infant or someone with reduced immunity.

Could this be measles, a medicine reaction, or another infection? Should we avoid close contact while it is assessed? Are any vaccines or tests appropriate, and what symptoms should prompt emergency care?