Does MPFL reconstruction treat patellar dislocation?

The medial patellofemoral ligament helps keep the kneecap aligned as the knee bends. A dislocation can stretch or tear this stabilising tissue. MPFL reconstruction uses a graft to create a new support along the inner knee. It aims to reduce the tendency of the patella to move out of its groove; it does not repair every possible cause of instability.

An orthopaedic assessment considers repeated dislocations, ongoing giving-way, the shape of the knee joint, alignment, cartilage injury and muscle control. Imaging may be used to decide whether MPFL reconstruction alone is suitable or whether another procedure is needed.

Arrange a review with an orthopaedic knee specialist if the kneecap has dislocated more than once or continues to feel unstable. Bring details of each episode, previous treatment and any locking or swelling. Before surgery, discuss rehabilitation: early movement is usually guided, strengthening progresses gradually, and return to sport depends on control, strength and the surgeon’s assessment.

Seek urgent medical care after a new dislocation if the kneecap remains out of place, the foot becomes cold or numb, pain is severe, or the knee looks badly deformed. Prompt assessment is also warranted for a locked knee, rapidly increasing swelling or inability to bear weight.

Ask whether your instability comes from ligament injury alone, whether the kneecap or cartilage needs additional treatment, what rehabilitation milestones will guide activity, and which warning signs should prompt an earlier review.