Does cholera cause diarrhoea?

Cholera bacteria produce a toxin in the small intestine. The toxin disrupts how the intestine handles salt and water, leading to large amounts of watery diarrhoea. Vomiting may add to fluid loss. The stool can look pale and watery, but appearance alone cannot diagnose cholera.

Many illnesses cause diarrhoea, so cholera is considered in context, including contaminated water or food, travel, local outbreaks, and the speed or volume of fluid loss. See [Diarrhoea](/symptoms/diarrhoea/) for general symptom guidance.

Seek medical care promptly if cholera is possible. Begin frequent sips of an oral rehydration solution while arranging help, following the product directions. Continue breastfeeding when relevant. Wash hands with soap and water, use safe drinking water, and avoid preparing food for others while unwell. A clinician may arrange treatment and infection-control advice.

Urgent care is needed for very frequent watery stools, repeated vomiting, intense thirst, dizziness, confusion, fainting, a dry mouth, or passing very little urine. Babies, older adults, and people with other health conditions can become dehydrated quickly. Emergency help is appropriate if the person cannot drink or is difficult to wake.

Ask how to replace fluids, whether testing is needed, which treatment is suitable, and how to protect household members. Tell the clinician about travel, possible unsafe water or food, and medicines already taken.