Cryotherapy for prostate cancer

Treatment can target the whole gland or a defined area. Suitability depends on the cancer’s location and extent, prostate anatomy, previous treatment, urinary function, general health, and the balance between cancer control and side effects.

Under anaesthesia, the clinician guides thin probes into the prostate through the skin between the scrotum and anus. Imaging monitors the treated area while cycles of freezing and thawing damage cells. Measures are used to protect nearby structures, including the urethra and rectum.

A urinary catheter is commonly needed while swelling settles. Possible longer-term effects include difficulty passing urine, leakage, erectile problems, pelvic discomfort, narrowing of the urethra, or injury between the urinary tract and rectum. Your personal risk depends on the treatment field and prior therapy.

Review imaging, biopsy findings, treatment goals, and alternatives with a specialist experienced in prostate cancer. Discuss how whole-gland and focal treatment differ, and ask how the choice could affect urinary, bowel, and sexual function.

After the procedure, follow catheter, hygiene, medicine, activity, and hydration instructions. Expect a clear plan for catheter removal and follow-up testing. Contact the team rather than forcing fluid through if the catheter stops draining or bladder pressure builds.

Get prompt help for fever, chills, worsening pelvic pain, foul-smelling urine, inability to pass urine after catheter removal, or a catheter that is blocked or displaced. Heavy bleeding or blood clots that prevent drainage also need urgent assessment.

Emergency care is needed for severe breathing difficulty, chest pain, collapse, confusion, or severe uncontrolled bleeding. New passage of urine through the rectum or gas through the urethra requires immediate contact with the treating service.

Ask whether treatment would cover a focal area or the whole prostate, what evidence in your scans and biopsy supports that approach, and which alternatives remain available. Clarify catheter care, likely effects on erections and urination, the follow-up schedule, and what would happen if cancer persisted or returned.