How to remove cradle cap

Cradle cap is infantile seborrheic dermatitis. The scale may be yellow, white, greasy or dry, and it often sits close to the scalp. A baby may have no discomfort, even when the flakes look thick. Removing every flake in one session is unnecessary; the skin needs time to settle.

Apply a thin layer of a plain emollient to the scaled area and let it soften the crust. During or after a gentle wash, use a soft brush with light strokes. Stop when a flake resists, then rinse and dry the scalp. Never use fingernails, comb teeth, cotton buds or household oils to prise scale away. If the scale is extensive or keeps returning, a clinician can decide whether topical antifungal treatment is suitable and explain how to use it safely.

Have the scalp assessed when removing the scale causes bleeding, or when there is marked redness, swelling, tenderness, pus, yellow fluid or an unpleasant smell. Medical advice is also needed if the rash involves the face or body, the baby is scratching persistently, or gentle care has not improved it.

Ask which softening product is safe, how long to leave it on, and how to recognise irritation. Show the clinician any areas that bleed or ooze and list products used on the scalp.