How long is COVID-19 contagious?

COVID-19 spreads mainly through respiratory particles released when an infected person breathes, talks, coughs, or sneezes. Spread is more likely in close, crowded, or poorly ventilated spaces. A person may pass on infection before recognising symptoms, and some people never notice symptoms.

A positive test, ongoing fever, worsening symptoms, or feeling acutely unwell means extra caution is sensible. Recovery of energy is not the same as proof that transmission is impossible; Fatigue, Difficulty Concentrating, Joint Pain, Loss of Smell, Loss of Taste, and Low Mood can persist after the infectious phase and may be features of Long COVID.

Stay home and limit close contact when you are unwell, especially with older people, pregnant people, infants, or anyone with health conditions that increase risk. Improve airflow, use a well-fitting mask when advised or when close contact cannot be avoided, and do not share enclosed spaces for long periods.

Follow current local guidance on returning to normal activities and testing. If you must attend an appointment, tell the service about your symptoms beforehand. Wash hands after coughing or sneezing and cover coughs and sneezes.

Get emergency help for difficulty breathing, persistent chest pain or pressure, new confusion, inability to wake or stay awake, or pale, grey, or blue lips or skin. These signs require urgent care, not simply continued isolation at home.

Contact a clinician if fever persists or returns, breathing becomes harder, symptoms worsen after initial improvement, or you have risk factors for severe illness. Ask promptly about treatment options if you test positive and are at increased risk.

Ask how long you should limit contact, when it is reasonable to return to work or school, whether testing is useful for your situation, and which symptoms should prompt urgent review.