What should you know about congestion and sneezing?

Allergic rhinitis often causes repeated sneezing, a blocked or runny nose, itchy eyes and symptoms that follow exposure to pollen, dust or animals. House dust mite allergy may be worse indoors or on waking, while pet allergy can follow contact with an animal or its surroundings. A common cold may add a scratchy throat, cough or feeling unwell. Sneezing is a protective reflex that helps clear irritants; congestion develops when the nasal lining becomes swollen.

Notice where and when symptoms start, then reduce exposure where practical: ventilate rooms, keep bedding clean and avoid smoke. Saline spray or rinsing can wash irritants from the nose. A pharmacist can advise on allergy medication, including whether an antihistamine or nasal treatment suits you. Follow the label and check before use if you are pregnant, treating a child, have glaucoma or take regular medicines. Do not use decongestant sprays longer than directed.

Get urgent help if sneezing or congestion occurs with facial swelling, wheezing, trouble breathing, faintness or rapidly spreading hives. Book an assessment if symptoms keep returning, disturb sleep, affect daily activities, cause recurrent nosebleeds or do not improve with sensible trigger avoidance. A clinician can assess the nose, review your exposures and consider another diagnosis when symptoms are one-sided or persistent.

Could an allergy explain the timing of my symptoms? Should I change my nasal treatment? Which triggers are worth testing? How can I use allergy medication safely with my other medicines?