Closed reduction and external fixation

Pins or wires pass through the skin into bone and connect to bars or rings outside the limb. The construct maintains alignment while clinicians monitor the injury and soft tissues.

Closed reduction describes repositioning fracture fragments through manipulation rather than exposing the break through an incision. External fixation describes the stabilising frame attached to pins or wires placed into secure areas of bone. It may serve as temporary support while swelling or damaged skin settles, or remain during healing when the fracture pattern and surrounding tissues make that appropriate. Imaging helps the surgical team judge position during placement and follow-up.

Follow the team's specific instructions for cleaning pin sites, covering the frame, showering and changing dressings. Do not loosen clamps or adjust bars yourself. Keep scheduled imaging and wound checks because alignment and pin sites need ongoing assessment. Use walking aids and place weight through the limb only as directed. Prescribed exercises for nearby joints can reduce stiffness and support circulation without disturbing the fracture. Take medicines exactly as instructed and keep fabric, bedding and objects from catching on the frame.

Contact the treating team promptly if redness spreads from a pin site, drainage becomes thick or foul-smelling, pain or swelling increases, or fever develops. Urgent assessment is needed if toes or fingers become cold, pale or blue; sensation or movement decreases; severe pain does not settle; or the frame bends, breaks or becomes loose. Do not attempt to straighten a damaged frame. A new fall or impact also warrants advice because the bone position may have changed even when the device looks intact.

Confirm whether the frame is intended as temporary or definitive fixation and what must happen before it can be removed or exchanged. Ask which pin-site changes are expected, how to protect the device during sleep and washing, and whether you may bear weight. It is also useful to discuss the exercise plan, pain control, blood-clot precautions relevant to you, and whom to contact if a clamp or pin seems different.