Examples of closed reduction

Examples include selected wrist and ankle fractures and dislocations of the shoulder or elbow. Suitability depends on the injury pattern, skin condition, circulation, nerve function and whether an acceptable position can be maintained afterward.

For a fracture, the clinician guides separated bone fragments toward better alignment and usually protects them with a splint or cast. For a dislocation, the aim is to return the joint surfaces to their normal relationship.

Pain relief, local anaesthetic or sedation may be considered according to the procedure and patient. Examination and imaging help detect associated fractures, while repeat nerve and circulation checks identify changes after manipulation.

Follow the specific restrictions for the injured limb rather than testing it. Keep immobilisation clean and dry, protect it from pressure, use medicines as directed, and attend repeat examinations and imaging.

If the position cannot be restored or does not remain stable, fixation may be considered. When healing or joint stability permits, physiotherapy can address stiffness, weakness, balance or movement control relevant to the injured area.

Seek urgent assessment for a cold, pale or blue hand or foot; new numbness or weakness; loss of finger or toe movement; severe increasing pain; or a limb that looks displaced again. An open wound, fever, drainage, rapidly increasing swelling or a painfully tight cast also needs prompt review.

Ask what made closed reduction suitable, how alignment will be monitored, which activities are restricted and what signs suggest loss of position. Clarify the next treatment if reduction is unsuccessful and when movement, weight-bearing or rehabilitation may begin.