What are the symptoms of cholera?

The cholera bacterium affects the intestine and can produce large amounts of watery stool. Some people also have vomiting, thirst, muscle cramps, weakness or reduced urine. Fever is not the defining feature, and symptoms can vary, so the absence of fever does not make the illness harmless. Dehydration may cause a dry mouth, dizziness, fast breathing, confusion or unusual drowsiness. Severe fluid loss can interfere with blood flow and kidney function.

[Diarrhoea] has many possible causes, so symptoms alone cannot confirm cholera. A healthcare professional may ask about recent travel, local outbreaks, unsafe water or food exposure, and may arrange testing when appropriate.

Take frequent small sips of oral rehydration fluid, even if nausea makes drinking difficult. [Oral Rehydration Therapy] replaces water and important salts; follow the product instructions and use safe water. Continue feeding a child if they can eat, unless a clinician gives different advice. Wash hands carefully after toilet use and before preparing food, and keep shared surfaces clean. Contact a clinician promptly if watery diarrhoea is severe, continues, or follows a possible contaminated food or water exposure.

Get urgent help for inability to drink, repeated vomiting, fainting, confusion, severe weakness, very little or no urine, a sunken appearance in a child, or worsening dizziness when standing. These signs suggest dehydration that may progress quickly. Do not wait for diarrhoea to stop before seeking help. [IV Fluid Therapy] can restore fluid through a vein when drinking is not enough or is not possible. Separate towels and avoid preparing food for others until you have medical advice.

Ask which rehydration product and amount are appropriate, whether testing is needed, how to monitor urine and alertness, and whether anyone who shared the food or water needs advice. Mention all medicines, pregnancy, childhood age or older age, and any kidney or heart condition.