What should you know about strep throat?

Strep throat is caused by streptococcal bacteria. A sore throat can also result from viruses, irritation, or tonsillitis, so symptoms alone do not always identify the cause. A clinician may look at the throat and glands and use a throat swab or other test when appropriate.

Cough, runny nose, or hoarseness can point toward a viral illness, but the overall pattern still matters. Confirmed bacterial infection may benefit from antibiotic treatment, which can shorten illness and reduce the chance of some complications.

Arrange a GP consultation if throat pain is significant, swallowing is difficult, or fever persists. Rest, drink fluids, and use suitable pain relief according to the label and your clinician’s advice. If antibiotics are prescribed, take them exactly as directed and do not share leftover medicine.

Wash hands, avoid sharing cups and utensils, and stay home while feeling unwell. Replace a toothbrush as advised after starting treatment if your clinician recommends it.

Seek urgent care for difficulty breathing, inability to swallow fluids or saliva, drooling, severe one-sided throat swelling, a muffled voice, neck swelling, dehydration, or rapidly worsening symptoms. Arrange medical review for persistent fever, a spreading rash, or symptoms that do not improve as expected.

Ask whether testing is needed, which symptoms suggest tonsillitis or another cause, when you can return to school or work, and how to take any prescribed antibiotic safely.