Can insect bites and stings cause anaphylaxis?

Anaphylaxis can begin soon after venom or another insect-related substance enters the body. Warning signs may include swelling of the lips, tongue or throat, difficulty breathing, wheezing, trouble swallowing, widespread hives, dizziness, confusion, fainting, or severe stomach symptoms. The reaction can worsen quickly, and skin symptoms may be absent. A local itchy or painful swelling is different from anaphylaxis, although new or worsening symptoms deserve attention.

If anaphylaxis is suspected, use a prescribed adrenaline auto-injector immediately, following its instructions, and call emergency services. Lie down with the legs raised if possible; sit up only if breathing is easier that way. Do not walk around or drive yourself. If the person becomes unresponsive and is not breathing normally, begin resuscitation if you know how. A second auto-injector may be needed if symptoms continue or return, while awaiting emergency help.

Seek emergency care immediately for breathing difficulty, throat or tongue swelling, faintness, collapse, or rapidly spreading symptoms after a bite or sting. Even if symptoms improve after adrenaline, medical observation is needed because they can return. After recovery, arrange an allergy assessment to discuss the likely insect, testing, an emergency action plan, and whether you should carry auto-injectors.

Ask which symptoms should prompt adrenaline, how to use your auto-injector, whether you need an allergy referral, and how to reduce exposure to the suspected insect.