How long can a Bartholin cyst last?

There is no single timetable. A small, comfortable cyst can gradually shrink without treatment, while a blocked gland may stay enlarged. If infection develops, pain and swelling can worsen quickly and the collection may need drainage.

A Bartholin cyst forms when fluid cannot leave a gland near the vaginal opening. Its course depends on its size, whether the duct opens, and whether the fluid becomes infected. Reduced pressure, softer swelling and less discomfort suggest improvement; increasing tenderness, heat or redness suggest inflammation or an abscess.

A lump that remains after pain eases may still be a cyst. A clinician can examine its position and appearance, especially when a new lump develops after menopause or later in adult life.

Soak the area in comfortably warm water several times during the day, keep the vulva clean and dry, and choose loose clothing that does not rub. Use a suitable non-prescription pain reliever only if you can take it safely and follow its label.

Do not squeeze, pierce or cut the lump. If it opens by itself, allow it to drain, wash gently, use a clean pad and arrange assessment if pain or swelling continues. Note whether the lump is shrinking and whether sitting or walking becomes easier.

Seek prompt medical assessment for severe or rapidly increasing pain, fast-growing swelling, fever, chills, spreading redness, foul-smelling drainage, or feeling generally unwell. Arrange a routine appointment if the lump persists, returns, interferes with sex or daily activities, or you are unsure what it is.

Treatment may involve creating an opening that continues to drain. Recurrent or troublesome cysts may be managed with a procedure such as marsupialisation after a clinician discusses the findings and options.

Ask whether the lump is in the typical Bartholin gland location, whether there are signs of an abscess, what drainage option fits the examination, and what to do if it returns. Mention recent change in size, discharge, fever and any medicines or allergies that affect treatment.