What to do when a Bartholin cyst is getting bigger

Increasing size may reflect more fluid behind a blocked duct or the development of infection; an examination helps distinguish these possibilities from other vulval lumps.

A Bartholin cyst develops when the gland's outlet is blocked and fluid collects beside the vaginal opening. Continued secretion can expand the cyst. If bacteria enter, inflammation and pus can turn it into an abscess, which often becomes tender and may enlarge quickly.

Growth does not by itself reveal the cause. The clinician will consider its exact site, texture, skin changes, discharge, and your general health. A new Bartholin-area mass after menopause should be examined promptly, even if pain is absent.

Contact a gynaecology or primary-care service for an appointment rather than waiting for a visibly enlarging lump to settle. Until you are seen, wear loose clothing, reduce activities that rub the area, and keep the vulva clean with water and gentle external washing. A warm bath may ease mild discomfort.

Do not press, pierce, or force drainage. If treatment is needed, options depend on whether the swelling is a cyst or abscess, how troublesome it is, and whether it has returned. A clinician may discuss controlled drainage or an opening designed to keep fluid flowing.

Seek same-day assessment for rapid growth, increasing pain, redness, warmth, pus, fever, chills, or feeling generally ill. Go to urgent care if pain is severe, you cannot sit or walk comfortably, or swelling is progressing alongside fever. These are warning signs because pressure and infection may need drainage and other treatment.

You might ask whether the swelling appears infected, whether any discharge needs testing, and whether drainage is advisable now. Also ask how to care for the area afterward, what recurrence would look like, and when marsupialisation would be considered.