What causes Asherman syndrome?

The opposing surfaces can heal together and create bands called intrauterine adhesions. Procedures performed during or after pregnancy are a recognised setting, although other uterine surgery or inflammation may also precede adhesions.

The endometrium lines the uterine cavity and normally rebuilds during each menstrual cycle. If its deeper layer is damaged, healing tissue may bridge parts of the cavity instead of restoring a flexible lining.

Relevant events can include surgical management after miscarriage or birth, removal of tissue retained in the uterus, and operations that enter the uterine cavity. Pelvic infection may contribute in some circumstances. Having one of these events does not by itself mean that adhesions formed.

Note any change in period flow, cyclical cramping, difficulty conceiving, and when these began relative to pregnancy care or uterine procedures. Provide operation notes or discharge summaries if available because the type and timing of treatment help guide assessment.

A gynaecologist may recommend imaging of the cavity or hysteroscopy. Hysteroscopy places a narrow camera through the cervix to view adhesions directly; operative hysteroscopy can divide them when treatment is indicated. The procedure history supports the diagnosis but does not replace examination of the cavity.

Request an appointment when periods become absent or markedly lighter after uterine treatment, especially if there is monthly cramping or difficulty becoming pregnant. A clinician can also check pregnancy and hormonal causes of altered bleeding.

Get urgent help for intense or escalating pelvic pain, heavy bleeding, fainting, fever, or unpleasant-smelling discharge. Those symptoms may signal bleeding or infection and should not wait for a routine adhesions assessment.

Clarify whether your previous procedure involved the uterine cavity, which alternative explanations fit your symptoms, and what test can show the cavity clearly. If more uterine treatment is planned, discuss how its benefits and risks apply to your circumstances.