Coughing up blood after a breathing tube

A breathing tube passes through the mouth or nose into the airway. Its presence, removal or suctioning can irritate delicate lining and lead to a small amount of blood mixed with mucus. Dryness and forceful coughing can add to this irritation. Blood may also point to another problem, including pneumonia, bronchiectasis, a pulmonary embolism or an underlying lung condition; the timing after the tube does not prove that the tube caused it.

The care team will consider how much blood there is, whether it is fresh or streaked, how long it continues, and whether breathing has changed. They may also review why the tube was needed and whether you take medicines that affect clotting.

If you are still in hospital, tell the nurse or doctor immediately and show the sputum if possible. If you have gone home, contact the treating team promptly for any blood that continues or returns. Sit upright, avoid smoking and do not forcefully clear your throat. Keep a record of the amount and colour, and have your discharge paperwork and medicine list ready. Do not stop prescribed blood thinners unless a clinician gives specific instructions.

Call emergency services for heavy or increasing bleeding, clots, breathlessness, chest pain, faintness, confusion, blue lips or a racing heartbeat. Urgent assessment is also needed if you cannot keep fluids down, feel suddenly much weaker or develop a new fever after the procedure. Do not drive yourself while actively coughing blood or feeling short of breath.

Ask whether the airway looked irritated, whether a chest examination or imaging is needed, and which symptoms should trigger a return to hospital. Mention the tube's removal time, suctioning, the first episode of blood, fever, chest discomfort and every medicine you take.