What are the symptoms of head lice?

Itching is often strongest behind the ears and at the back of the neck, where lice and eggs may be easier to find. Scratching can leave small red marks, tenderness, scabs, or irritated skin. Some people have no itching at first, so absence of discomfort does not rule out an infestation.

Live lice are small, moving insects close to the scalp. Nits are eggs attached firmly to individual hairs; dandruff and loose flakes usually brush away more easily. A close inspection in bright light, often with a fine-toothed comb, helps separate nits from debris.

Check the scalp and hair of close household contacts, especially when someone has persistent itching or a confirmed infestation. Avoid sharing combs, brushes, hats, pillows, or hair accessories until advice has been obtained. Follow the instructions for any lice product carefully, including whether a repeat application or combing is needed.

A GP or pharmacist can help confirm live lice and recommend a suitable treatment. Treating only an itchy scalp without finding lice may miss another cause, such as irritation or eczema. Wash or isolate recently used hair items according to local clinical advice rather than applying unsafe household chemicals.

Arrange a GP consultation when you find live lice, cannot tell whether particles are nits, or symptoms continue after treatment. Seek medical advice for broken skin, spreading redness, pus, fever, or severe tenderness from scratching. Ask for tailored guidance before treating very young children, pregnancy, or a sensitive scalp.

Can you confirm that live lice or nits are present? Which treatment and combing method suit my scalp and household? When should close contacts be checked, and what should I do if itching remains after the lice are gone?