Types of Hay Fever

Seasonal hay fever tends to flare when a particular pollen is present. Persistent allergic rhinitis can continue around indoor triggers such as dust mites, mould or animal dander. Both patterns may cause sneezing, an itchy or blocked nose, a runny nose and reduced sense of smell.

The same allergic response can affect the eyes, causing itchy, watery or red eyes; this is allergic conjunctivitis. Nasal blockage can disturb sleep and contribute to tiredness. People with asthma may notice more wheezing or chest tightness when their allergies are active, but nasal allergy is not the same condition as asthma.

Notice when symptoms begin and whether they follow outdoor exposure, cleaning, pets or time indoors. Keeping windows closed during high-pollen periods, changing clothes after outdoor activities and rinsing the face can reduce contact with triggers.

A pharmacist or clinician can explain suitable antihistamines, nasal sprays or eye drops. Nasal sprays work best when used with the correct technique and regularly during a troublesome period. Ask for advice if congestion persists, treatment irritates your nose or symptoms interfere with sleep.

Arrange an assessment if symptoms continue despite sensible treatment, repeatedly disturb sleep, or make breathing difficult. Seek urgent help for severe breathing difficulty, swelling of the lips or tongue, faintness or rapidly worsening wheeze, because these are not typical hay fever symptoms.

Ask whether your pattern fits allergic rhinitis, which triggers are worth testing, how to use a nasal spray, and whether asthma or eye symptoms need separate treatment.